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VOMITING IN CHILDREN: SYMPTOMS, HOME CARE, MEDICAL TREATMENT
Signs and symptoms
The vomiting itself is obvious, and the doctor concentrates on identifying its cause. It’s also important to evaluate the degree of dehydration caused by persistent vomiting.
Home care
If your child is vomiting, avoid giving solid foods, milk, or aspirin tablets. These substances aggravate the vomiting. Allow the child sips of cold, clear liquids (ice water, carbonated beverages, tea with sugar, flavored gelatin water, commercial mineral and electrolyte solutions, or apple juice). Commercial preparations of orthophosphoric acid, fructose, and glucose also may be given. If the child can keep down a teaspoon of liquid every five minutes, he or she will retain 60 grams of fluid in an hour.
Precautions
• Watch for signs of dehydration in your child.
• If vomiting and diarrhea are happening at the same time, control the vomiting first, then treat the diarrhea.
• Some phenothiazine drugs that are used to control vomiting in adults may cause serious central nervous system side effects in children; do not use them for children.
• Remember that abdominal pain (with or without vomiting) could be appendicitis.
Medical treatment
Your doctor will determine the cause of the vomiting by obtaining a detailed health history and performing a careful physical and neurological examination. The presence and degree of dehydration will be assessed, and if the child is seriously dehydrated he or she will be hospitalized for administration of intravenous fluids.
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